Confined space entry presents numerous hazards, including oxygen deficiency, flammable or toxic atmospheres, engulfment by liquids or solids, and extreme temperatures. Safety procedures for confined space entry are critical and involve a multi-step process. Prior to entry, the space must be thoroughly evaluated and tested for atmospheric hazards, and any necessary ventilation must be provided. A permit-required confined space entry program should be in place, detailing roles, responsibilities, and procedures. Entrants must be trained and equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including respirators if needed. Continuous atmospheric monitoring is essential during entry, and a designated attendant must be stationed outside the space to maintain communication and initiate rescue procedures if necessary. Rescue equipment must be readily available, and a pre-planned rescue procedure should be in place. Only trained and authorized personnel should enter confined spaces, and all entries must be carefully documented.
